https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/assertion https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4892-454X https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9282-0502 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 http://purl.org/dc/terms/publisher https://ror.org/03xphts16 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_694 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/fair/ff/terms/article https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/fdof/ontology#FAIRDigitalObject https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Furanoids are significant contributors to volatile organic compound hydroxyl radical reactivity in biomass burning emissions, yet their accurate measurement using proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) remains challenging due to potential interferences and measurement uncertainties. In this study, we conduct detailed laboratory characterizations of furan (C4H4O, protonated 69.033), 2(3H)-furanone (C4H4O2, 85.028), 2-furaldehyde (C5H4O2, 97.028), 2,5-dimethylfuran (C6H8O, 97.065), and maleic anhydride (C4H2O3, 99.008). Sensitivities for these compounds were found to have minimal dependence (less than 15 %) on both sample humidity and drift tube electric field strength (E/N). At high E/N (150 Td), fragmentation was observed for 2-furaldehyde (∼ 8 %) at 69.033, potentially interfering furan measurements, while hydrolysis products corresponding to ions were detected for 2(3H)-furanone, 2-furaldehyde, and maleic anhydride. The hydrolysis of maleic anhydride to maleic acid is most prominent, with the hydrate accounting for 7 %–31 % of the parent ion signal across E/N conditions. Gas standard recertification confirmed the long-term stability of furanoids, and 21 other VOCs, in compressed gas mixtures, with changes in mixing ratios of less than 5 % over seven years, although PTR-ToF-MS instrument sensitivities decreased by ∼ 30 % during this time, likely due to aging of the microchannel plate (MCP). While the stability of gas standards and the minimal humidity and fragmentation effects support the accurate measurement of furanoids by PTR-ToF-MS, discrepancies with co-deployed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry highlight the need to further investigate potential isomeric and fragment interferences, particularly in aged BB smoke. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Laboratory characterization of furan, 2(3H)-furanone, 2-furaldehyde, 2,5-dimethylfuran, and maleic anhydride measured by PTR-ToF-MS https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 https://schema.org/funder https://ror.org/021nxhr62 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 https://w3id.org/fdof/ontology#hasMetadata https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 https://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#contactPoint wade.permar@mso.umt.edu https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 https://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#endDate 18 Nov 2025 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 https://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#startDate 2024 https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742 https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/pubinfo https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742 http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name Emily Regalado https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE http://purl.org/dc/terms/created 2026-07-08T15:27:16.607Z https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742 https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE http://purl.org/nanopub/x/introduces https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6645-2025 https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE http://purl.org/nanopub/x/wasCreatedAt https://nanodash.knowledgepixels.com/ https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromProvenanceTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RA7lSq6MuK_TIC6JMSHvLtee3lpLoZDOqLJCLXevnrPoU https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RACJ58Gvyn91LqCKIO9zu1eijDQIeEff28iyDrJgjSJF8 https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RAukAcWHRDlkqxk7H2XNSegc1WnHI569INvNr-xdptDGI https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromTemplate https://w3id.org/np/RArM5GTwgxg9qslGX-XiQ-KTTUwdoM0KB1YqmT4GqTizA https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasAlgorithm RSA https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasPublicKey MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAxzr6UBGMW6c8tegz0babaledWUEQ0PLDE4tp7Iinbe2DZtAtY5JUptKYuStWDZx+QER4808P8dejNWRnBDzgthYJm/AyNSXflHSJhz2+NC+h7RylOLxbwLEQocmyKKiYxa2gT85m6ajVL2M6TnfG67nnK+K2f7iCGL6wYXRITD1q+7+5SWqBdDXIV921W4IKWaD2GJk+NRBoOqQhbsrk8Tn5XsNd7DMYVHk47oMDGbeBnrOIoRPsbBgAcoCsxxhiB9yN6Lf8EUbnlXVEDzJuZk048L1BDZL+6nkA8btTQGP2ijUFWA7rTrod3LjUDQWLZS95njjl867dtmv/znYkzwIDAQAB https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignature Na1hCxAryqWze+HHbJ+qb7vzsyCRZsuwWnXXpLI5d40KfQJNb7YZvp32RvtYV9WuS24upjx6z5JQMS81NK7dj142NSzBTrmHOyj1Y8uwSDxT9KbOHTFUrkQOpv/iRHdhY2aWv3MyClNjS5i1v/T4navGI72r/AfCFl+pjZm9SwM95zlmWn1F5DM3u49tAw8BahoJxznrQIhPCxtDu1QxWnEw2EYYlMzo/sCKReWPtxKlccyI/EiZ2lrOidgc2AjiMyxLJXzunHEfYPgHA6BxQ6pjtFM1J6qHkD2AQAy5QoEoRYOsdQwpNoGkqGB7X7x+mXg+AH2cKolTvwYPJW6eNA== https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignatureTarget https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE https://w3id.org/np/RAWUC_-aQlj_9hRkYPSR8vJwG97Ut33gbAQxkq7nBricE/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/signedBy https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-2742