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rdfs:comment """Who is protected when a city goes green?
Climate change makes heavy rain heavier. Cities can add green spaces, which let rain soak into the ground. This study asks a fair question: who does that protect?
The question — Logroño is a city in northern Spain. When a lot of rain falls in a short time, streets can flood: pluvial flooding, caused by rain, not by a river. Does heavier future rain put more people at risk? Do the planned green measures help? And when the city goes green, who is protected?
The test — Scientists used flood maps from a computer model. For every home building they combined how deep the water gets nearby, how many people live there, and how vulnerable they are — for example young children or older people living alone. A '100-year storm' comes on average once in 100 years; storms from every 2 to every 200 years were tested.
The result — Heavier future rain puts more people at risk in every case tested. The planned green measures help only a little, and not at all for the biggest storms. Turning all open space green helps more — roughly one in ten to one in five of the people at risk become safe — but mostly the less vulnerable. The most vulnerable fifth benefits least.
The lesson: how science checks itself — The method was first rebuilt independently with open tools, and every building got the same risk class. The flood maps matched places that really flooded, but that only partly confirmed the method. Every result comes from one model with large uncertainties (no sewers; nobody knows exactly how much heavier rain will get), so scientists trust the direction of a result more than its exact number.
Being fair is part of the science: a good plan asks not only how much it helps, but whom.""";
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this: rdfs:label "Plain-language summary of https://w3id.org/sciencelive/np/RALq-EHWcx22c8cqC7G1E94H95CT9Upq7f3ZqbvslVuog for schools";
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