. . . . "the concentration or fraction of intentionally introduced impurity atoms or ions (dopants) incorporated into a host material to modify its properties." . . . "Doping level" . . . . "Christos Vasileiou" . "2026-01-12T14:05:29.978Z"^^ . . . . . . . . . "RSA" . "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAz1OobdRASd9SftHrLhG905OXjv8DHndvyWzXRJ5EDFPankMSnHZPHK+g2qEeRWdonstt55CLrpTpWsVv9xRtTqPidXHbnWLBXX42iCB+EnZNoKqAVKF5GxkSR38S0uTTq3aeQJbw2kTpx6LMkspmuH95fgAI/lfqPWrxdlI98jIeHQ14UXZpiWmkkvPgC9GVgmwHiG1hB/NCA2fKCOxVodN44OfhAPtkWmPJ40IcGPSalI4HRqgLLI5PabdRk3PiG81cUngmQU1Xk6EapzkRJGenkOlGsC5L4ktEPO6LS9uBMLTMLQDtGtkrcwqg5HmeKv7Ili3vgr3LL8/GaBBOLQIDAQAB" . "ArFjYnSzDd3e/DPLhzOb/vsn60BzPzS1w67OUoHVlyEMKoQu7dqoRWQdTY+1Aq9cFMtVD5BMMticdTNLp71TnPpQ5+ASPEfITiFr0dLz7oE74Zf7CMydpgjBjg9VWor9oyvxqXL9ZQ/E/+Y9c9erHSwpoyDybh+mdvEyl/WhjeSooBJ6e9wd6rbNHg0zTQLBLFQ4secX19NJosJguorwf7F39OrVacgaqMTIiv3uA6kr181q62zL30J9SWMMs03mCd6fuJyWOrKF+O/EbkkUf52+yO65rH0pe0CRlIpeJMEKfYlMbh3cNcpKMUXqymDi533TQ+3QiGg++whAX+q8KA==" . . .